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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Protocol of Electrochemical Test and Characterization of Aprotic Li-O2 Battery
Published on: July 12, 2016
Alkali-Oxygen Batteries Based on Reversible Superoxide Chemistry
William David McCulloch1, Neng Xiao1, Gerald Gourdin1
1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W Woodruff AVE, CBEC 256, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Abstract:
Rechargeable superoxide (O2 - ) batteries have the potential to surpass current lithium-ion technology due to their high theoretical energy densities. The use of superoxides as an energy storage material is highly advantageous when compared to their close relatives, peroxides. This is due to enhanced reversibility of the 1-electron redox process. To efficiently stabilize superoxides, larger metal cations are required such as sodium and potassium. Therefore, the two most studied systems are sodium and potassium-oxygen batteries. Both batteries present unique advantages and challenges. In this minireview, we summarize the current research for each superoxide-based battery and offer perspective for further research.
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