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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Anatomical Movements00:51

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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
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Autoimmune Movement Disorders.

Conor Fearon1, Orna O'Toole2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Adelaide and Meath University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland.

Seminars in Neurology
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune movement disorders, characterized by abnormal movements and neurological symptoms, are increasingly linked to specific antibodies. Early diagnosis and targeted immunotherapy can improve outcomes, especially for extracellular antibody-associated conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Autoimmune movement disorders are rare neurological conditions presenting with abnormal movements.
  • Historically linked to cancers, current research focuses on pathogenic antibodies.
  • Distinguishing incidental from pathogenic antibodies is crucial for treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review adult-onset autoimmune movement disorders.
  • To provide a diagnostic and treatment framework.
  • To highlight the role of antibodies in these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of adult-onset autoimmune movement disorders.
  • Analysis of antibody targets (intracellular vs. extracellular).
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Patients with intracellularly targeted antibodies generally have poorer prognoses.
  • Extracellularly targeted antibody disorders often respond to immunotherapy aimed at reducing antibody production.
  • Clinical presentations are diverse and expanding.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune movement disorders are treatable, with immunotherapy showing promise.
  • Antibody-specific treatment approaches are essential.
  • Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed to optimize treatment regimens.