Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

33.0K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
33.0K
Reflex Activity01:08

Reflex Activity

3.3K
A reflex activity is an automatic, involuntary response to specific stimuli. It is a part of our survival mechanism, designed to protect us from potential harm. For example, when a bright light suddenly shines into our eyes, we instinctively close them or look away. This is a simple reflex activity orchestrated by the nervous system without conscious thought or effort.
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
3.3K
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

2.8K
Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
2.8K
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

398
Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
398
Region of Convergence01:17

Region of Convergence

955
The z-transform is a powerful mathematical tool used in the analysis of discrete-time signals and systems. It is a crucial tool in the analysis of discrete-time systems, but its convergence is limited to specific values of the complex variable z. This range of values, known as the Region of Convergence (ROC), is fundamental in determining the behavior and stability of a system or signal. The ROC defines the region in the complex plane where the z-transform converges, which can take various...
955
Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

5.4K
Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
5.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Importance-Weighted Locally Adaptive Prototype Extraction Network for Few-Shot Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Position-Aware Indoor Human Activity Recognition Using Multisensors Embedded in Smartphones.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Complex Emotion Recognition via Facial Expressions with Label Noises Self-Cure Relation Networks.

Computational intelligence and neuroscience·2023
Same author

Case Report: PTEN Mutation Induced by anti-PD-1 Therapy in Stage IV Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2022
Same author

Vibrio cholerae senses human enteric α-defensin 5 through a CarSR two-component system to promote bacterial pathogenicity.

Communications biology·2022
Same author

Emergence of an epidemic hypervirulent clone of Enterobacter hormaechei coproducing mcr-9 and carbapenemases.

The Lancet. Microbe·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
04:51

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy

Published on: April 11, 2019

10.4K

A Novel Method for Estimating Free Space 3D Point-of-Regard Using Pupillary Reflex and Line-of-Sight Convergence

Zijing Wan1,2, Xiangjun Wang3,4, Kai Zhou5

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China. zjwan@tju.edu.cn.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new 3D gaze estimation method for wearable devices, utilizing the pupillary accommodation reflex. The novel approach accurately determines the 3D Point-of-Regard in free space, enhancing applications for gaze tracking technology.

Keywords:
3D Point-of-Regardeye trackinghead-mounted devicepupillary reflex

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses
05:26

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.3K
Terminal H-reflex Measurements in Mice
05:38

Terminal H-reflex Measurements in Mice

Published on: June 16, 2022

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
04:51

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy

Published on: April 11, 2019

10.4K
Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses
05:26

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined and Accessible Analysis Method to Quantify Optokinetic Reflex Tracking Responses

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.3K
Terminal H-reflex Measurements in Mice
05:38

Terminal H-reflex Measurements in Mice

Published on: June 16, 2022

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computer Vision
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Accurate 3D gaze estimation is crucial for advanced human-computer interaction and assistive technologies.
  • Existing methods often face limitations in real-world applications, particularly with wearable devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel 3D gaze estimation method for wearable gaze tracking devices.
  • To leverage the pupillary accommodation reflex for precise measurement of the 3D Point-of-Regard.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a 3D gaze measurement model integrating line-of-sight convergence and pupil size.
  • Design of a wearable gaze tracking device using four cameras and semi-transparent mirrors for spatial coordinate extraction.
  • Implementation of a calibration process involving stereo cameras, pupil/eye corner coordinate extraction, and model parameter determination.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method accurately extracts spatial coordinates of the pupil and eye corner.
  • The 3D Point-of-Regard in free space is effectively estimated using the developed measurement model and algorithm.
  • Experimental validation demonstrated the effectiveness of the novel 3D gaze estimation approach.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D gaze estimation method offers a robust solution for wearable gaze tracking.
  • This technology has significant potential for applications requiring precise spatial gaze awareness in wearable devices.