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Association Between Preconception Care and Birth Outcomes.

Zinat Jourabchi1, Sazlina Sharif2, Munn Sann Lye3

  • 11 Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical and Health Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.

American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP
|July 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Preconception care significantly reduces the risk of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight. This integrated maternal health care approach offers substantial benefits for both mothers and newborns.

Keywords:
maternal care patternsmaternal child health centersmaternal healthmaternal health servicespreconception careprenatal care

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • Adverse birth outcomes pose significant risks to maternal and neonatal health globally.
  • Preconception care is a critical component of comprehensive maternal health services, aiming to optimize health before conception.
  • Evaluating the impact of integrated preconception care programs is essential for improving obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between integrated preconception care and the incidence of adverse birth outcomes.
  • To compare birth outcomes in women receiving integrated maternal health care (MHC) with preconception care versus standard MHC.

Main Methods:

  • A quasi-experimental study design was employed, comparing two groups of women in Iran.
  • Participants were enrolled in either an integrated MHC program (with preconception care) or a standard MHC program (without preconception care).
  • Key birth outcomes, including low birth weight, preterm birth, maternal and neonatal complications, and delivery mode, were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Integrated preconception care was linked to a significant reduction in preterm birth (OR=0.298, P=.009) and low birth weight (OR=0.406, P=.043).
  • Women in the integrated program experienced fewer maternal complications (OR=0.399, P<.001) and neonatal complications (OR=0.460, P=.003).
  • The study demonstrated statistically significant protective effects of preconception care across multiple adverse birth outcome measures.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated preconception care demonstrates clear advantages in mitigating adverse birth outcomes.
  • Implementing comprehensive preconception care within maternal health services is recommended to improve maternal and neonatal health.
  • The findings support the routine integration of preconception care into standard maternal health programs for enhanced obstetric and neonatal results.