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Clonal Expansion of Macrolide-Resistant Sequence Type 3 Mycoplasma pneumoniae, South Korea

Joon Kee Lee, Joon Ho Lee, Hyunju Lee

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |July 18, 2018
    PubMed

    Insights

    Clonal expansion of Mycoplasma pneumoniae ST3 strains in South Korea is linked to rising macrolide resistance. This genetic shift explains the dramatic increase in resistance observed over five outbreaks.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Genetics
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae poses a significant public health challenge.
    • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of this resistance is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic factors contributing to the emergence and spread of macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
    • To analyze the genetic diversity and clonal expansion of M. pneumoniae strains during outbreaks in South Korea.

    Main Methods:

    • Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was employed to characterize the genetic features of 146 M. pneumoniae strains.
    • Strains were collected from five consecutive outbreaks between 2000 and 2016 in South Korea.
    • Macrolide susceptibility testing was performed on all isolates.

    Main Results:

    • Macrolide resistance increased from 0% to 84.4% across the five outbreaks.
    • Sequence Type 3 (ST3) was the most prevalent (74.7%), and nearly all resistant strains belonged to ST3 (98.3%).
    • A significant rise in macrolide resistance within ST3 strains was observed, particularly after 2007.

    Conclusions:

    • The clonal expansion of ST3 Mycoplasma pneumoniae is strongly associated with the escalating macrolide resistance.
    • This genetic dominance of a specific clone highlights the importance of molecular surveillance in tracking antimicrobial resistance patterns.
    Keywords:
    Mycoplasma pneumoniaeSouth Koreaantimicrobial resistancebacteriadrug resistancemacrolidesmultilocus sequence typing

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