Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.7K

Sero-epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Measles Among Children in Pakistan

Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1, Ahsan Rafiq1, Muhammad Zeeshan Nawaz1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Government College University,Faisalabad,Pakistan.

Polish Journal of Microbiology
|July 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study assessed measles immunity in Pakistani children using indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA). Vaccinated children showed significantly higher antibody titers, indicating a robust humoral immune response to measles vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Measles remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Assessing humoral immunity is crucial for evaluating vaccine effectiveness and infection exposure.
  • Understanding immune responses in children informs vaccination strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate humoral immunity against measles in children aged 1-10 years in Punjab, Pakistan.
  • To standardize and utilize the indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) for serodiagnosis.
  • To analyze risk factors associated with measles immunity, including vaccination status.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative cross-sectional study involving 231 children (1-10 years) in Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Blood samples were collected using a convenient sampling method.
  • Indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) was performed for serodiagnosis and immune evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The geometric mean titre (GMT) in vaccinated children was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in unvaccinated children.
  • IHA titers in vaccinated individuals reflected a strong humoral immune response.
  • In unvaccinated individuals, IHA titers indicated exposure to measles infection.

Conclusions:

  • The indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) effectively measures humoral immunity against measles in children.
  • Measles vaccination significantly enhances antibody titers, demonstrating vaccine efficacy.
  • The study highlights the importance of vaccination status in determining measles immunity levels.

Keywords:
IHAgeometric mean titremeaslessero-epidemiology

More Related Videos

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K
Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

17.9K

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.7K
Introduction to Epidemiology01:26

Introduction to Epidemiology

Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
1.9K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.7K
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

Overview
89.6K
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
1.0K
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies01:27

Confounding in Epidemiological Studies

Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
846