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[Mycoplasma pneumoniae: neurologic manifestations and diagnostic controversies. A case report]

Paula Arighi1, María I Deregibus2, Jorge Agrimbau Vázquez2

  • 1Sector de Bajo Riesgo. Servicio de Clínica, Hospital Nacional de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan". paulaarighi@yahoo.com.ar.

Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria
|July 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause neurological issues like aseptic meningitis and facial paralysis, even with respiratory symptoms. Diagnosis can be complex due to varied presentations and serological interpretation challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) is a common cause of respiratory illness, accounting for 30% of cases.
  • Extra-respiratory manifestations occur in 40% of Mp infections, with neurological complications being the most frequent.
  • Neurological forms include meningoencephalitis and aseptic meningitis, often presenting with varied clinical signs.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old girl presented with conjunctival injection, cervical adenopathy, photophobia, and bilateral papilledema.
  • She developed a scaly rash, peripheral facial paralysis, and aseptic meningitis.
  • The case highlights the potential for multiple clinical variants in a single Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Findings:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can manifest with a wide spectrum of neurological symptoms.
  • The co-occurrence of conjunctival injection, rash, facial paralysis, and aseptic meningitis suggests a complex Mp-related neurological syndrome.
  • Diagnostic challenges arise from varied presentations and potential controversies in serological interpretation.

Implications:

  • Early recognition of atypical presentations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering Mycoplasma pneumoniae in pediatric neurological disorders.
  • Further research is needed to clarify diagnostic criteria and improve serological interpretation for Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections.
Keywords:
Mycoplasma infectionsaseptic meningitisfacial paralysispediatrics

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