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Iron related changes in MS lesions and their validity to characterize MS lesion types and dynamics with Ultra-high

Simon Hametner1,2, Assunta Dal Bianco1,3, Siegfried Trattnig4

  • 1Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)
|July 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Iron accumulation in the brain is altered in multiple sclerosis (MS). Iron-sensitive MRI can help detect MS lesions and track disease progression by visualizing iron distribution changes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Iron naturally accumulates in the aging brain.
  • Iron metabolism is dysregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients' brains.
  • Oligodendrocytes and myelin are primary iron storage sites in healthy brains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate altered iron distribution in MS brain lesions.
  • To explore the role of iron in MS pathology and lesion activity.
  • To assess the utility of ultra-high field MRI for MS lesion detection and characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ultra-high magnetic field (7 Tesla) MRI.
  • Employed iron-sensitive MRI sequences.
  • Analyzed iron distribution and expression of iron transport molecules in MS lesions.

Main Results:

  • Iron liberation in demyelinating lesions may exacerbate tissue damage.
  • Macrophages and microglia show altered iron uptake, aiding lesion activity staging.
  • Changes in glia cell iron transport properties are evident in MS lesions.
  • Ultra-high field MRI reliably detects iron distribution changes.

Conclusions:

  • Iron dysregulation is a key feature of MS brain pathology.
  • Iron-sensitive MRI, especially at 7 Tesla, enhances MS lesion detection and characterization.
  • MRI can differentiate MS lesions from other inflammatory diseases and identify progressive lesions.
Keywords:
ironmagnetic resonance imagingmultiple sclerosispathology

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