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Multiple stable states in microbial communities explained by the stable marriage problem.

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Microbial communities can exist in multiple stable states. This study introduces a model predicting these states and transitions using nutrient preferences and competitive abilities, aiding in microbial community control.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Theoretical Ecology
  • Game Theory

Background:

  • Microbial communities exhibit multiple stable states, susceptible to perturbations like diet shifts.
  • Predicting and controlling transitions between these states remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a conceptual model for predicting microbial community stable states and transitions.
  • To explore the role of nutrient utilization and competition in community dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • A novel model inspired by the stable marriage problem.
  • Utilizing ranked tables of microbial nutrient preferences and competitive abilities.
  • Analyzing inter-state transitions triggered by nutrient or microbe addition/removal.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully determines all possible stable states based on two input tables.
  • It predicts transitions between states upon environmental perturbations.
  • Demonstrated coexistence of seven Bacteroides species through complementary nutrient preferences.

Conclusions:

  • A predictive framework for microbial community states and transitions is established.
  • Nutrient complementarity is key for high-abundance species coexistence.
  • The model offers insights for directing microbial community composition.