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Altered editing level of microRNAs is a potential biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma

Keita Maemura1, Kousuke Watanabe1, Takahiro Ando1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Cancer Science
|July 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Adenosine-to-inosine microRNA editing, particularly in miR-99a-5p, is altered in lung adenocarcinoma. Lower editing levels of this microRNA correlate with shorter patient survival, suggesting its potential as a biomarker.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) microRNA editing is implicated in cancer development and progression.
  • Previous studies using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset identified A-to-I edited microRNAs associated with cancer prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate A-to-I microRNA editing events in lung adenocarcinoma (AD) by analyzing small RNA deep sequencing data.
  • To assess the association between the editing level of specific microRNAs, particularly miR-99a-5p, and clinical outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Main Methods:

  • In silico analysis of published small RNA deep sequencing data from 74 lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and normal counterpart (NC) specimens.
  • Conventional sequence-based analysis of miR-99a-5p editing levels in 50 surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma cases.
  • Statistical analysis, including log-rank test, to evaluate the association with overall survival.

Main Results:

  • Editing levels of miR-379-5p, miR-99a-5p, and miR-497-5p were lower in AD compared to NC.
  • Editing level of miR-200b-3p was higher in AD than in NC in a significant number of cases.
  • The most substantial difference in editing level between AD and NC was observed for miR-99a-5p.
  • Lower miR-99a-5p editing levels in AD specimens (38% of cases) were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (P = 0.047).

Conclusions:

  • Altered A-to-I microRNA editing, specifically decreased miR-99a-5p editing, is a feature of lung adenocarcinoma.
  • The editing level of miR-99a-5p may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.
  • These findings align with previous TCGA dataset analyses, reinforcing the clinical relevance of microRNA editing in cancer.
Keywords:
RNA editingbiomarkercomputational biologylung adenocarcinomamicroRNA

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