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Noninflammatory Diffuse Follicular Hypertrophy/Hyperplasia of Graves Disease: Morphometric Evaluation in an

Anke Schlüter1,2, Anja K Eckstein1,3, Alexandra Brenzel4

  • 1Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.

European Thyroid Journal
|July 20, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study characterizes an experimental mouse model of Graves disease (GD), revealing enlarged thyroid glands with increased follicular cells and a higher follicle/stroma ratio. This model accurately reflects early hyperthyroid GD pathology.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Graves disease (GD) and Graves orbitopathy (GO) are autoimmune conditions affecting the thyroid.
  • Experimental models are crucial for understanding GD pathogenesis.
  • Previous studies lacked detailed analysis of thyroid tissue component contributions in experimental GD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the thyroid gland in an experimental mouse model of autoimmune Graves disease.
  • To define the relative contribution of different thyroid tissue components to the observed pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of experimental GD in mice via immunization with a human TSH receptor (TSHR) A-subunit plasmid.
  • Utilizing the cross-reactivity of induced antibodies to mouse TSHR for in vivo pathogenicity.
  • Morphometric analysis to evaluate thyroid tissue components.

Main Results:

  • The experimental model exhibited histopathological features of hyperplastic thyroid glands with enlarged follicular cells.
  • A significant increase in follicular area and follicle/stroma ratio was observed.
  • The increased follicle/stroma ratio was identified as a key morphometric variable for assessing pathological changes.

Conclusions:

  • Graves disease thyroid glands in this model show noninflammatory follicular cell hyperplasia/hypertrophy and an enlarged follicle/stroma ratio.
  • This mouse model serves as a faithful representation of early hyperthyroid Graves disease.
  • The findings highlight the importance of follicular expansion in experimental GD.
Keywords:
Follicular expansionGlandular involvementGraves diseaseHypertrophy/hyperplasiaMorphometric evaluation

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