Plasmonic photothermal therapy: Approaches to advanced strategy
Alla B Bucharskaya1, Galina N Maslyakova1, Marina L Chekhonatskaya1
1State Medical University, 112, B. Kazachya str., Saratov 410012, Russia.
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
|July 20, 2018
Summary
Repeated intravenous injections of gold nanorods enhance plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) efficacy for liver cancer treatment in rats. This nanoparticle-assisted laser hyperthermia approach shows low toxicity and promotes tumor necrosis.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
- Oncology
Background:
- Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) effectiveness relies on gold nanorod (GNR) dosage.
- Optimal GNR doses and PPT protocols for tumor accumulation are not yet established.
- This study investigates fractional intravenous GNR administration to improve PPT efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance PPT efficacy in tumor-bearing rats.
- To optimize GNR accumulation in tumors via multiple fractional intravenous injections.
- To evaluate the toxicity and effectiveness of the proposed PPT protocol.
Main Methods:
- Functionalized gold nanorods (4.1 aspect ratio, PEGylated) were administered intravenously to rats with liver cancer (cholangiocarcinoma).
- Doppler ultrasonography assessed tumor vascularity.
- Tumors were irradiated with an 808-nm NIR diode laser (2.3 W/cm² for 15 min) after GNR administration.
- Tissue analysis and gold accumulation were performed 24 hours and 3 weeks post-PPT.
Main Results:
- Multiple GNR intravenous injections and PPT significantly damaged tumor tissue, causing necrosis and retarding growth.
- The PPT protocol demonstrated low toxicity in histological examinations of internal organs.
- PPT efficiency correlated with tumor vascularity, identified by Doppler ultrasound.
Conclusions:
- Repeatable intravenous GNR injections increase tumor accumulation and PPT efficacy.
- The proposed fractional administration and PPT protocol is effective and has low toxicity.
- Doppler ultrasonography aids in treatment prognosis and monitoring.
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