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The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited

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Published on: February 16, 2022

Schizencephaly revisited.

Paul D Griffiths¹

¹Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Floor C, Glossop Road, Sheffield, England, S10 2JF, UK. p.griffiths@sheffield.ac.uk.

|July 21, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews 32 cases of schizencephaly in children and fetuses, proposing a new classification system and suggesting an acquired destructive cause for this brain malformation.

Keywords:

Fetus MR imaging Pediatric Schizencephaly

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Pediatric Neurology

Background:

Schizencephaly is a rare congenital brain malformation characterized by a cleft in the cerebral hemisphere.
Understanding its diverse presentations and underlying causes is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the range of schizencephaly appearances in pediatric and fetal cases over a 10-year period.
To detail classification systems for different forms of schizencephaly.
To re-assess potential etiological and mechanistic causes.

Main Methods:

A retrospective review of 21 children and 11 fetuses diagnosed with schizencephaly between 2007 and 2016.
Analysis of schizencephaly type, location, and associated brain abnormalities, including the septum pellucidum and fornices.

Main Results:

Schizencephaly type 2 was the most common form in children (67%) and fetuses (45%).
Type 3 was more prevalent in fetuses (55%) than children (24%).
Associated brain abnormalities were frequent, present in 67% of children and 55% of fetuses.

Conclusions:

A novel classification system for schizencephaly is proposed, integrating literature definitions.
The study describes the appearances and associations of pediatric and fetal schizencephaly.
Evidence suggests an acquired destructive etiology for most cases, with a proposed mechanism for associated cortical abnormalities.