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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

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Lessons from Cre-Mice and Indicator Mice.

Christian Wolfrum1, Leon Gabriel Straub2

  • 1Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|July 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding white and brown adipocyte function requires precise genetic tools. This chapter reviews methods for targeting these cells in mice, highlighting how model choice impacts our understanding of adipocyte categorization and function.

Keywords:
AdipoChaserAdipocytesAdiponectinAtglBATBeigeBriteBrownCreDoxycyclineFABP4IRIndicator mouseInterconversionRaptorRptorTamoxifenTet-OnThermoMouseTransdifferentiationUcp1Ucp1-CreUcp1-CreERTWhiteaP2mTORC1

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Area of Science:

  • Adipose tissue biology
  • Mammalian physiology
  • Genetics and epigenetics

Background:

  • Adult adipose tissue primarily consists of white adipocytes.
  • Specific depots contain thermogenically active brown-like adipocytes, conserved across mammals.
  • Accurate categorization of adipocytes (white, brown, brite, beige) is crucial for understanding metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of methods for genetically targeting and tracing white and brown adipocytes.
  • To critically discuss the strengths and limitations of various genetic systems used in mouse models.
  • To evaluate how different genetic models influence the categorization and understanding of adipocyte function.

Main Methods:

  • Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) cloning for transgenic mouse models.
  • In vivo genetic recombination tools: Cre-loxP, CreERT, and Tet-On systems.
  • Analysis of established genetic systems: ap2-Cre, Adipoq-Cre, and Ucp1-Cre.

Main Results:

  • Genetic targeting systems significantly influence the observed characteristics and categorization of adipocytes.
  • The choice of Cre driver impacts the ability to specifically target mature white and brown adipocytes.
  • Evaluation of studies reveals how different models affect the interpretation of adipocyte function based on key genes (e.g., insulin receptor, Raptor, Atgl).

Conclusions:

  • The precise genetic tools employed are critical for accurate adipocyte classification.
  • Understanding the limitations of genetic mouse models is essential for interpreting research on adipocyte biology.
  • Further refinement of genetic targeting strategies will enhance our knowledge of adipocyte subtypes and their roles in metabolism.