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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
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Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

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In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
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Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

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Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
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Renal Clearance01:23

Renal Clearance

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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Transcutaneous Assessment of Renal Function in Conscious Rodents
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FGF23 impairs peripheral microvascular function in renal failure.

Melissa Verkaik1, Rio P Juni2, Ellen P M van Loon3

  • 1Department of Nephrology and Institute for Cardiovascular Research VU, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|July 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) causes peripheral endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD) mice. Blocking FGF23 in CKD mice prevented this dysfunction, highlighting FGF23 as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease in CKD.

Keywords:
CKD-MBDFGF23endothelial dysfunctionmicrocirculationnitric oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
  • Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is linked to endothelial dysfunction and CVD mortality in CKD.
  • The specific role of FGF23 in CKD-associated microvascular endothelial dysfunction remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if CKD impairs microvascular endothelial function.
  • To determine if FGF23 mediates this impairment.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of blocking FGF23 in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) mouse model of CKD.
  • Administered FGF23 or FGF23-blocking antibodies to assess functional roles.
  • Assessed microvascular function via in vivo myocardial perfusion and ex vivo gracilis artery vasodilation.

Main Results:

  • CKD mice exhibited blunted endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
  • FGF23 administration mimicked this endothelial defect in non-CKD mice.
  • FGF23 blockade prevented endothelial dysfunction in CKD mice, associated with increased asymmetric dimethylarginine.

Conclusions:

  • FGF23 mediates peripheral endothelial dysfunction in a CKD model.
  • Blocking FGF23 effectively prevents endothelial dysfunction in CKD.
  • FGF23 is a significant therapeutic target for mitigating cardiovascular complications in CKD.