Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...

Joints

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...

Method of Joints

Method of Joints

The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...

Introduction to Joints

Introduction to Joints

The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Morphable architected materials with topologically variable and volumetric reconfiguration.

Materials horizons·2026

Same author

The comparison of general health indicators among older people residents in nursing homes and homes in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMC geriatrics·2025

Same author

BAKE: a novel framework for iterative security design for identifying criminally-exploitable vulnerabilities in biotechnology products.

Crime science·2025

Same author

Evolution of robotic cardiac surgery: the first robotic-assisted heart transplant and beyond.

Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2025

Same author

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Podiatric Physicians in Singapore.

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association·2025

Same author

Cyber-biological convergence: a systematic review and future outlook.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Published on: January 27, 2023

An Ergonomic Testing System for the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Stiffness.

Fatemeh Farhadi¹, Muhammad Faraz¹, Marabelle Heng²

¹University of Michigan and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

|July 21, 2018

Summary

This study developed an improved medical device for measuring first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) stiffness in osteoarthritis patients. The enhanced ergonomic design minimizes errors, aiding early diagnosis and disease prevention.

More Related Videos

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

Published on: June 2, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Creation of a Knee Joint-on-a-Chip for Modeling Joint Diseases and Testing Drugs

Published on: January 27, 2023

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

Published on: June 2, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Biomedical Engineering
Orthopedics

Background:

Osteoarthritis frequently affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ), leading to permanent articular surface changes.
Early diagnosis of MTPJ issues is crucial for preventing disease progression.
Previous MTPJ stiffness measurement devices lacked consideration for design, size, tribology, and error minimization.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the design of a medical device for measuring first MTPJ stiffness.
To minimize measurement errors through a novel ergonomic instrument.
To improve early diagnosis of MTPJ osteoarthritis.

Main Methods:

Developed a new, smaller, ergonomic instrument for measuring first MTPJ stiffness, positioned medially to the joint.
Measured first MTPJ stiffness in 28 subjects with two replicates per subject.
Evaluated measurement reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Main Results:

First MTPJ stiffness values ranged from 3.49 to 14.42 N mm/kg radian (left feet) and 3.91 to 11.90 N mm/kg radian (right feet).
Mean stiffness was 8.28 (3.15) N mm/kg radian for left feet and 7.65 (2.07) N mm/kg radian for right feet.
Excellent reliability was demonstrated between repeated measurements.

Conclusions:

The enhanced device design offers improved accuracy and reduced measurement errors for first MTPJ stiffness.
This device has the potential to aid in the early diagnosis of MTPJ osteoarthritis.
The study confirms excellent reliability for the new measurement instrument.