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Dehydroepiandrosterone Research: Past, Current, and Future.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Steroid Chemistry

Background:

  • Discovery of
  • DHEA and DHEA-S are bulk androgens metabolized to active compounds.
  • Circulating DHEA-S levels decline with age, prompting research into DHEA's protective effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Provide a historical perspective on DHEA research.
  • Overview DHEA biosynthesis, metabolism, and historical animal studies.
  • Summarize human trials on DHEA's therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Historical literature review.
  • Analysis of DHEA's role as a ligand for nuclear receptors (PXR, CAR, ERα/β, GPER1).
  • Review of human clinical trials and epidemiological studies.

Main Results:

  • DHEA and metabolites act as low-affinity ligands for key hepatic nuclear receptors.
  • Animal studies suggest DHEA protects against various diseases.
  • Human studies show weak correlations between DHEA levels and disease outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • DHEA has demonstrated therapeutic potential in specific conditions like postmenopausal symptoms and autoimmune disorders.
  • Adverse effects include acne and potential virilization.
  • Further research is needed to clarify DHEA's role in human health and disease.