Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026
Global and Current Research Trends of Single-Cell Sequencing in Cancer: A Bibliometric and Visualization Study
Published on: April 18, 2025
National Trends in Hospitalization for Fever and Neutropenia in Children with Cancer, 2007-2014
Anusha Lekshminarayanan1, Parth Bhatt2, Vijay Gandhi Linga2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Functional Cholesterol, Diabetes, and Endocrinology Center, Springdale, OH.
Insights
Pediatric hospitalizations for fever with neutropenia increased from 2007 to 2014, with rising costs and length of stay. Adolescents and those with comorbidities faced higher mortality risks.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Healthcare Management
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Fever with neutropenia (FN) is a common oncologic emergency in children undergoing cancer treatment.
- Understanding trends in inpatient resource utilization and outcomes for pediatric FN hospitalizations is crucial for healthcare planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in inpatient resource use and mortality for pediatric hospitalizations with fever with neutropenia in the United States between 2007 and 2014.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.
- Analyzed International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for pediatric cancer hospitalizations with FN from 2007-2014.
- Calculated national estimates for median cost, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality rates.
Main Results:
- Total pediatric FN hospitalizations increased from 2007 to 2014, with a notable rise in the 5-14 year age group, males, and specific US regions.
- Overall in-hospital mortality remained low at 0.75%, but adolescents (15-19 years) had a significantly higher risk.
- Median length of stay increased from 4 to 5 days, and hospitalization costs rose from $8,771 to $11,202 during the study period.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric FN hospitalizations show increasing trends in utilization and cost, necessitating further research into risk stratification and cost-effective treatments.
- Adolescents with cancer experiencing FN require targeted attention due to elevated mortality risks.
- Standardized treatment strategies and further investigation into factors influencing adolescent mortality in FN are recommended.
Objective:
To assess the trends of inpatient resource use and mortality in pediatric hospitalizations for fever with neutropenia in the US from 2007 to 2014.
Study Design:
Using National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes, we studied pediatric cancer hospitalizations with fever with neutropenia between 2007 and 2014. Using appropriate weights for each NIS discharge, we created national estimates of median cost, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality rates.
Results:
Between 2007 and 2014, there were 104 315 hospitalizations for pediatric fever with neutropenia. The number of weighted fever with neutropenia hospitalizations increased from 12.9 (2007) to 18.1 (2014) per 100 000 US population. A significant increase in fever with neutropenia hospitalizations trend was seen in the 5- to 14-year age group, male sex, all races, and in Midwest and Western US hospital regions. Overall mortality rate remained low at 0.75%, and the 15- to 19-year age group was at significantly greater risk of mortality (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.36-3.68, P = .002). Sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and mycosis were the comorbidities with greater risk of mortality during fever with neutropenia hospitalizations. Median length of stay (2007: 4 days, 2014: 5 days, P < .001) and cost of hospitalization (2007: $8771, 2014: $11 202, P < .001) also significantly increased during the study period.
Conclusions:
Our study provides information regarding inpatient use associated with fever with neutropenia in pediatric hospitalizations. Continued research is needed to develop standardized risk stratification and cost-effective treatment strategies for fever with neutropenia hospitalizations considering increasing costs reported in our study. Future studies also are needed to address the greater observed mortality in adolescents with cancer.
Related Concept Videos
00:59Hospitals-II
Nurses that work in...
01:28Hospitals-I
01:25Types of Fever
Here are the different types of fever:
01:26Patterns of Fever
01:26National Nursing Organizations I
01:30National Nursing Organizations II
The AACN emphasizes a healthy work environment through six standards to achieve an optimal patient outcome. The standards are appropriate staffing, meaningful recognition, collaboration, authentic leadership, effective communication, and decision-making. In addition, AACN provides certification programs, webinars, journals, and...