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Mortality among very low birth weight infants after hospital discharge in a low resource setting

Yaser Abdallah1, Flavia Namiiro2, Jolly Nankunda2

  • 1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. yasam786@hotmail.com.

BMC Pediatrics
|July 23, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Early discharge of very low birth weight infants (VLBW) is common in low-resource settings. Infants discharged weighing less than 1200g face higher mortality risks, primarily from sepsis and cot death.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Early discharge of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in low-resource settings is often unavoidable.
  • Minimizing post-discharge mortality requires identifying key factors contributing to infant deaths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the mortality rate of VLBW infants within 3 months of discharge.
  • To identify factors associated with mortality and the primary causes of death in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 190 VLBW infants discharged from Mulago Special Care Baby Unit.
  • Infants were followed for 3 months post-discharge, with data analyzed using bi-variable and multivariable regression.

Main Results:

  • A total of 32 (19.5%) infants died within 3 months of discharge.
  • Discharge weight below 1200g (OR 3.10) and not being small for gestational age (SGA) (OR 3.54) were independently associated with mortality.
  • Sepsis (50.0%) and suspected cot death (25.0%) were the leading causes of death.

Conclusions:

  • Post-discharge mortality among VLBW infants is significantly high.
  • Discharging infants weighing less than 1200g may pose a safety risk.
  • Preventive strategies for sepsis and cot death are crucial before considering early discharge.
Abstract

Keywords:
MortalityPreterm neonatesVery low birth weight

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