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Combinatorial Contact Cues Specify Cell Division Orientation by Directing Cortical Myosin Flows
Kenji Sugioka1, Bruce Bowerman1
1Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
Developmental Cell
|July 24, 2018
Summary
Cell contact patterns diversify cell division orientation by controlling non-muscle myosin flow. This myosin flow generates forces that dictate cell division axes during development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology
- Biophysics
Background:
- Cell division orientation is crucial for building multicellular structures.
- Mechanisms generating diverse cell division axes remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how cell contact patterns influence cell division orientation.
- To elucidate the role of non-muscle myosin in orienting cell division.
Main Methods:
- Reconstitution of in vivo cell contact patterns using beads and isolated cells.
- Analysis of cortical non-muscle myosin flow dynamics.
- Experimental demonstration of myosin-generated forces on plasma membrane movements.
Main Results:
- Identified three contact-dependent cues: physical contact, contact asymmetry, and Wnt signaling.
- Demonstrated that myosin flow anisotropy drives cell division orientation.
- Showed that contact-dependent myosin control specifies division axes in C. elegans and mouse cells.
Conclusions:
- Cell contact patterns diversify division axis orientation by modulating non-muscle myosin flow.
- Myosin flow-generated forces are a key mechanism for orienting cell division.
- This mechanism, combined with microtubule/dynein pathways, expands division axis diversity in development.
Keywords:
Caenorhabditis elegansWnt signalingcell divisioncell polaritydorsal-ventral axisembryogenesismitotic spindlemousemyosinMore Related Videos
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