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School-Based Violent Victimization in Turkey: Are Correlates Gender-Specific?

Rustu Deryol1, Pamela Wilcox2, Osman Dolu3

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This study reveals that the factors predicting school victimization in Turkey differ between genders, suggesting a "gendered opportunity" for harm. Effective school supervision and weapon control are key to reducing victimization risk for all students.

Keywords:
gendered opportunitylifestyle-routine activitiesschool-based violent victimization in Turkeyself-control

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Sociology
  • Adolescent Psychology

Background:

  • Adolescent school-based victimization research is limited internationally.
  • Existing U.S.-based research suggests gendered correlates of victimization.
  • This study expands research by examining gendered predictors in Turkey.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the gendered nature of predictors for school-based violent victimization in Turkey.
  • To test the applicability of lifestyle-routine activities and low self-control theories across genders.
  • To identify gender-specific and universal factors influencing student victimization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a subsample from The National High School Offending and Victimization Survey in Turkey.
  • Included 461 male and 452 female students from 15 high schools.
  • Employed multivariate sequential imputation and pooled binary logistic regression models.

Main Results:

  • Lifestyle-routine activities theory propositions were generally supported for both genders.
  • Evidence suggests "gendered opportunity" where victimization risks vary by gender.
  • Low self-control and lifestyle impacts showed gender-specific differences.
  • Effective weapon control by administration and presence of unsupervised areas significantly impacted victimization risk.

Conclusions:

  • Victimization predictors in Turkish schools exhibit gendered patterns, necessitating gender-specific interventions.
  • School administration's role in weapon control and managing unsupervised areas is crucial for all students.
  • Findings highlight the importance of supervisory practices and target hardening for reducing victimization.