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Automatic processes and self-regulation of illness.

Sheina Orbell1, L Alison Phillips2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.

Health Psychology Review
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
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Implicit processes, like cognitive biases, significantly influence how people manage illness. Interventions focusing on automatic coping responses show promise for improving self-regulation in health management.

Keywords:
Commonsense model of self-regulationaction planningautomatic processeshabitillness cognition

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Area of Science:

  • Health Psychology
  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The Commonsense Self-Regulation Model highlights conscious illness threat perception in coping behaviors.
  • Automatic (implicit) processes also play a crucial role in illness recognition and management.
  • Integrating implicit processes can enrich understanding and intervention strategies for illness self-regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the theoretical significance of implicit processes in illness self-regulation.
  • To review existing research and methods for studying implicit processes in health.
  • To identify potential interventions and future research directions for implicit health behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and theoretical integration of implicit processes in illness self-regulation.
  • Examination of research on cognitive and interpretational biases in chronic and acute illness.
  • Analysis of interventions targeting implicit attitudes and coping automatization.

Main Results:

  • Implicit processes, including cognitive and interpretational biases, are vital in illness maintenance and detection.
  • Cognitive accessibility of coping strategies and implicit attitudes demonstrably impact coping behaviors.
  • Interventions aimed at automating coping responses and habit formation show encouraging results.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit processes are integral to effective illness self-regulation, complementing conscious (reflective) processes.
  • Future health psychology research should address the interplay between reflective and associative systems for better patient outcomes.
  • Developing interventions that leverage implicit processes offers a promising avenue for enhancing self-management of illness.