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Cytotoxicity of long-term denture base materials.

Merve Çakırbay Tanış1, Canan Akay2, Handan Sevim3

  • 11 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.

The International Journal of Artificial Organs
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Polymerizing acrylic resins under pressure offers a faster denture repair with comparable cell viability to conventional methods. Heat-cured acrylic resins exhibit better cell viability than chairside lining materials after 15 days.

Keywords:
Acrylic resincytotoxicityhard linersoft linerthermal cycle

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials
  • Cytotoxicity Testing

Background:

  • Denture base materials undergo aging, potentially affecting their biocompatibility.
  • Evaluating the cytotoxic effects of these materials is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cytotoxic impact of various denture base materials after different aging conditions.
  • To compare the biocompatibility of conventionally polymerized acrylic resin, pressure-polymerized acrylic resin, and two types of relining resins.

Main Methods:

  • Five groups of denture base materials were tested: conventionally polymerized acrylic resin, pressure-polymerized acrylic resin, Cold Liner Rebase, Truliner, and DentuSil.
  • Specimens were subjected to four aging protocols: 24-hour water storage, 15-day water storage, 2500 thermal cycles, and 10,000 thermal cycles.
  • Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with L929 cells.

Main Results:

  • All materials demonstrated similar cell viability after 24-hour water storage and 2500/10,000 thermal cycles.
  • A significant difference in cell viability was observed among materials after 15-day water storage.
  • Autopolymerized hard relining resins (Groups III and IV) showed moderate cytotoxicity after 15-day water storage, while other materials were slightly cytotoxic or non-cytotoxic.

Conclusions:

  • Pressure polymerization of acrylic resins is a viable alternative for rapid denture repair, yielding comparable cell viability to conventional methods.
  • Heat-cured acrylic resins maintain superior cell viability compared to hard chairside relining materials over a 15-day aging period.