Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

3.5K
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
3.5K
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

2.7K
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
2.7K
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

2.0K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
2.0K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

3.1K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
3.1K
Regulation of Water Output01:26

Regulation of Water Output

2.4K
The human body predominantly expels water through the urinary system. On average, an individual generates around 1.5 liters of urine each day. This amount can fluctuate based on how well a person is hydrated, but a critical minimum quantity of urine must be produced to ensure the body's proper functioning. Daily, the kidneys remove 600 to 1200 milliosmoles of dissolved substances, effectively excreting excess minerals and water-soluble toxins such as creatinine, urea, and uric acid from the...
2.4K
The Citric Acid Cycle: Output01:28

The Citric Acid Cycle: Output

10.7K
The citric acid cycle is termed an amphibolic pathway as it operates both anabolically and catabolically. The cyclic reactions balance the flux of the substrates to provide an optimal concentration of NADH and ATP to the cell.
Regulation of Citric Acid Cycle
The citric acid cycle is regulated in several ways, including feedback inhibition, regulation of enzyme activities, and associated anaplerotic or cataplerotic pathways.
The primary substrate of the TCA cycle—acetyl CoA—is...
10.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

RNA-DNA Fusomer Fibers With Customizable Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Biological Properties for Next-Generation Therapeutics.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

HPV16 genetic variation provides evidence of positive natural selection driven by HLA class I.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Data Sieving for Scalable Real-Time Multichannel Nanopore Sensing.

ArXiv·2026
Same author

Efficient and reversible chirality induction between protein and achiral plasmonic assemblies.

Nature materials·2026
Same author

HLA Class II Protein Expression Regulation Is Strongly Linked to Cis-Acting SNPs.

HLA·2026
Same author

Spatially Organized DNA-Templated Silver Nanoclusters as Potent Antimicrobial Agents for ESKAPE Infections.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

High-throughput Screening and Biosensing with Fluorescent C. elegans Strains
14:53

High-throughput Screening and Biosensing with Fluorescent C. elegans Strains

Published on: May 19, 2011

18.5K

Fluorescence Blinking as an Output Signal for Biosensing.

Brandon Roark1, Jenna A Tan2, Anna Ivanina1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, North Carolina 28223, United States.

ACS Sensors
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel biosensor using quantum dot (QD) fluorescence blinking to detect molecules. By observing changes in blinking patterns, this method offers a versatile approach for identifying various target species.

Keywords:
K-rasbiosensorsfluorescence blinkinglatticesnucleic acid engineeringquantum dotsstrand displacement

More Related Videos

Rapid Homogeneous Detection of Biological Assays Using Magnetic Modulation Biosensing System
06:58

Rapid Homogeneous Detection of Biological Assays Using Magnetic Modulation Biosensing System

Published on: June 13, 2010

10.0K
Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering
05:52

Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering

Published on: January 11, 2018

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

High-throughput Screening and Biosensing with Fluorescent C. elegans Strains
14:53

High-throughput Screening and Biosensing with Fluorescent C. elegans Strains

Published on: May 19, 2011

18.5K
Rapid Homogeneous Detection of Biological Assays Using Magnetic Modulation Biosensing System
06:58

Rapid Homogeneous Detection of Biological Assays Using Magnetic Modulation Biosensing System

Published on: June 13, 2010

10.0K
Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering
05:52

Observation and Analysis of Blinking Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering

Published on: January 11, 2018

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Quantum dots (QDs) are widely used in biosensing, typically relying on changes in fluorescence intensity or color.
  • Existing QD biosensors have limitations in target applicability and detection mechanisms.
  • Understanding QD fluorescence blinking is key to developing new sensing strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel biosensing strategy utilizing quantum dot (QD) fluorescence blinking.
  • To create a versatile biosensor applicable to a wide range of target molecules without requiring fluorescence changes.
  • To establish a proof-of-concept for QD aggregation-induced sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered QDs to aggregate upon encountering a specific target molecule.
  • Utilized DNA programming for rapid isothermal assembly of QDs.
  • Employed confocal microscopy to observe changes in QD fluorescence blinking patterns.
  • Confirmed QD assemblies using gel electrophoresis techniques.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that QD aggregation obscures single-particle fluorescence blinking.
  • Observed quasi-continuous emission from aggregated QDs, indicating target presence.
  • Successfully programmed DNA to drive QD assembly in the presence of a target strand (oncogene K-ras).
  • Distinguished aggregated QDs from free QDs by the absence of blinking.

Conclusions:

  • This work presents the first biosensing strategy based on QD fluorescence blinking.
  • The method is broadly applicable across various target species by engineering QD aggregation.
  • QD aggregation-induced changes in blinking provide a robust signal for target detection.