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Related Concept Videos

Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

Autonomic Nervous System: Overview

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests01:24

Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests

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Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

2.1K

Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
2.1K
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

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Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing

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Autonomic Function in Insular Glioma: An Exploratory Study.

Ajit Mishra1, Anu P John2, Dhaval Shukla1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.

World Neurosurgery
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Insular glioma patients exhibit autonomic dysfunction, particularly sympathetic dominance in left-sided tumors. Seizures further suppress autonomic function, highlighting a critical link between brain tumors and nervous system impairment.

Keywords:
Autonomic nervous systemHeart rate variabilityInsular gliomaParasympathetic nervous systemSympathetic nervous system

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Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
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Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is prevalent in insular strokes, leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • No prior studies have investigated ANS dysfunction in patients with insular glioma.
  • This study explores subclinical autonomic dysfunctions in individuals diagnosed with insular glioma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate subclinical autonomic nervous system dysfunctions in patients with newly diagnosed insular glioma.
  • To compare heart rate variability (HRV) parameters between insular glioma patients and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific patterns of autonomic dysfunction related to tumor laterality and clinical presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 50 patients (18-60 years) with newly diagnosed insular glioma using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis.
  • Compared HRV parameters between insular glioma patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Analyzed HRV data for differences based on tumor location (left vs. right insula) and presence of seizures.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in most HRV parameters were observed between insular glioma patients and controls (P < 0.05).
  • Left insular glioma patients showed sympathetic dominance, indicated by increased heart rate, normalized low-frequency units, and a higher low-frequency/high-frequency ratio.
  • Patients with seizures had significantly lower total power in HRV analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Insular gliomas are associated with significant autonomic function impairment.
  • Left-sided insular gliomas demonstrate a distinct sympathetic-dominant autonomic profile.
  • Autonomic dysfunction is more pronounced in insular glioma patients who experience seizures.