Economic evaluation of typhoid - a review

Area of Science:

• Health economics
• Epidemiology
• Mathematical modeling

Background:

• Economic evaluations are crucial for assessing the value of new health technologies like rapid diagnostic tests for typhoid.
• Current economic evaluations for typhoid interventions primarily focus on population-level strategies such as vaccination.
• There is a gap in the literature regarding economic evaluations of individual-level test-treat strategies for typhoid.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing literature on economic evaluations of typhoid fever.
• To identify and analyze the types of models used for test-treat evaluations in the context of typhoid.
• To gather data on model inputs for developing a new model for typhoid rapid test evaluation.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant economic evaluations of typhoid.
• Studies were searched in established literature databases.
• A narrative synthesis approach was used to summarize the findings of the included studies.

Main Results:

• The review identified a limited number of economic evaluations specifically focused on typhoid fever.
• Existing studies predominantly examined the economic impact of vaccination strategies at the population level.
• No studies were found that focused on the economic evaluation of individual-level test-treat strategies for typhoid.

Conclusions:

• Both static and transmission dynamic models can be appropriate for evaluating typhoid interventions, depending on the specific circumstances.
• Typhoid test-treat modeling is an emerging area requiring further research and development.
• The findings highlight the need for de novo model development to assess the economic value of typhoid rapid tests.