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Crime and Gambling Disorders: A Systematic Review
A Adolphe1, L Khatib2, C van Golde3
1School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. aado8208@uni.sydney.edu.au.
Journal of Gambling Studies
|July 25, 2018
Summary
Problem gamblers often commit non-violent, income-generating crimes. However, they may also engage in violent offenses, though the link remains unclear and under-reported.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Psychology
- Forensic Science
Background:
- The link between problem gambling and crime is often assumed to be financial, but other risk factors are poorly understood.
- Existing literature lacks a clear understanding of the specific crimes committed by problem gamblers and contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and identify the types of crimes perpetrated by problem gamblers.
- To determine the factors contributing to the commission of gambling-related crimes.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
- Searched eight academic databases (PsycINFO, Westlaw AU, Heinonline, Legal Source, Legaltrac, PubMed, Scopus, Medline).
- Included 21 papers reporting crimes committed by problem gamblers, with validated problem gambling assessments.
Main Results:
- Gambling-related crime predominantly involves non-violent, income-generating offenses.
- Problem gamblers exhibit a potentially higher-than-expected rate of violent crime commission.
- Under-reporting, both intentional and unintentional, may obscure the true extent of gambling-related crimes, especially violent ones.
Conclusions:
- Problem gambling is linked to a range of criminal activities, primarily non-violent financial crimes.
- The relationship between problem gambling and violent crime requires further investigation due to uncertainty and under-reporting.
- Case-by-case evaluations of individuals committing gambling-related crimes are recommended to enhance understanding and therapeutic jurisprudence.
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