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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Combinatorial Single-cell Approach to Characterize the Molecular and Immunophenotypic Heterogeneity of Human Stem and Progenitor Populations
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A Practical Cryopreservation and Staining Protocol for Immunophenotyping in Population Studies.

Helene Barcelo1, Jessica Faul2, Eileen Crimmins3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Current Protocols in Cytometry
|July 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Large cohort studies can preserve blood cells for immune analysis. This study details protocols for cryopreserving peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and immunophenotyping nearly 10,000 participants.

Keywords:
cryopreservationflow cytometryimmunophenotypingperipheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)quality controlthawing

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Large population studies are crucial for understanding disease pathogenesis.
  • Cryopreservation of blood cells for future immune analysis is increasingly utilized in cohort studies.
  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are valuable for immunophenotyping and functional assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the protocols for cryopreservation, thawing, and immunophenotyping of PBMCs.
  • To outline quality control measures for large-scale immunophenotyping in an epidemiological study.
  • To review existing literature on cryopreservation's effects on immune cell subsets.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed cryopreservation and thawing procedures for PBMCs.
  • Standardized immunophenotyping assays applied to 9938 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
  • Rigorous quality control procedures implemented throughout the large-scale study.

Main Results:

  • Established and validated protocols for cryopreserving and analyzing PBMCs from a large cohort.
  • Demonstrated feasibility of large-scale immunophenotyping with extensive quality control.
  • Compiled a review of cryopreservation effects on T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells.

Conclusions:

  • Cryopreservation and immunophenotyping protocols are effective for large population studies.
  • Quality control is essential for reliable results in large-scale immune cell analysis.
  • This methodology supports future research into immune function and disease in large cohorts.