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Population Replacement Strategies for Controlling Vector Populations and the Use of Wolbachia pipientis for Genetic Drive
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Ecological effects on underdominance threshold drives for vector control.

Doran Khamis1, Claire El Mouden1, Klodeta Kura1

  • 1Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|July 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Underdominance gene drives can control mosquito-borne diseases by increasing a desired trait frequency. However, release size and mosquito fitness significantly impact drive success and disease reduction.

Keywords:
EpidemiologyGene driveMosquito controlMosquito ecologyPopulation genetics

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Ecology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Underdominance gene drives offer a controllable method for disease vector management.
  • They rely on heterozygote fitness disadvantage to drive desired traits to fixation above a threshold frequency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the impact of underdominance gene drive characteristics on disease prevalence in mosquitoes.
  • To evaluate different genetic configurations, release strategies, and fitness costs on drive efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Coupling ecological and epidemiological dynamics with a mosquito genetics model.
  • Simulating various underdominance drive systems, including allele locations, lethality, and release types (bi-sex vs. male-only).
  • Analyzing the effects of genetic and ecological fitness costs on the drive's threshold frequency.

Main Results:

  • Male-only releases require significantly larger sizes than bi-sex releases to initiate the drive.
  • Female-specific lethality is more effective at averting disease cases than bi-sex lethality.
  • Reduced genetic fitness, mating success, and longevity of transgenic mosquitoes increase the drive's threshold frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Underdominance gene drive efficacy is sensitive to release strategy and mosquito fitness parameters.
  • Careful consideration of these factors is crucial for successful implementation of gene drive-based vector control.