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Transgenerational and intergenerational epigenetic inheritance in allergic diseases.

Toril Mørkve Knudsen1, Faisal I Rezwan2, Yu Jiang3

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

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|July 25, 2018
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Environmental exposures before conception may increase allergy risks. Information can transfer across generations via epigenetic mechanisms, suggesting new public health interventions for allergic diseases.

Keywords:
DNA methylationTransgenerationalallergyasthmaenvironmentepigeneticsintergenerationalmultigenerationalparental

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Developmental biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Early life environmental exposures are critical for allergic disease development.
  • Emerging evidence indicates parental pre-conception and transgenerational exposure windows are also important.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms may mediate the transmission of exposure information across generations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic transmission of environmental exposures.
  • To discuss the implications for allergic disease development and prevention.
  • To highlight the need for further research in human cohorts and experimental models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on environmental exposures, epigenetics, and allergic diseases.
  • Analysis of experimental animal models demonstrating transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
  • Consideration of human cohort data and public health implications.

Main Results:

  • Environmental exposures prior to conception can influence offspring allergic disease risk.
  • Epigenetic modifications are a plausible mechanism for transmitting exposure-related information across generations.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for developing novel disease prevention strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The parental generation's environment, before conception, represents a critical window influencing offspring allergic disease risk.
  • Intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic effects are key areas for future research in asthma and allergy.
  • This knowledge can inform new public health interventions to combat allergic diseases.