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Related Concept Videos

Quality Control01:05

Quality Control

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Quality control is one of the three cyclical quality assurance activities that help keep a system under statistical control. Typical quality control activities include creating quality control charts, conducting proficiency testing, and documenting and archiving results.
Quality control helps track data, visualize trends, and identify variations, making it easier to detect deviations that may affect the accuracy of an analysis. One way to do this is by generating a quality control chart, which...
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Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

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Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes02:19

Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes

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A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
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Quality-Controlled Sputum Analysis by Flow Cytometry
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Mitochondrial Quality Control in COPD and IPF.

Hiromichi Hara1, Kazuyoshi Kuwano2, Jun Araya3

  • 1Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan. hirohara@jikei.ac.jp.

Cells
|July 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondria quality control, including dynamics and mitophagy, is vital for cell health. Dysregulation contributes to age-related lung diseases like COPD and IPF.

Keywords:
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)mitochondriamitochondria dynamicsmitophagy

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics
  • Autophagy

Background:

  • Mitochondria are crucial for cellular homeostasis and cell fate.
  • Mitochondria quality control involves dynamics (fusion/fission) and mitophagy (autophagy).
  • Disruption leads to dysfunctional mitochondria, impacting cellular function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of mitochondria quality control in age-associated lung diseases.
  • To focus on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms.
  • Analysis of pathways involved in mitochondria dynamics and mitophagy.
  • Examination of evidence linking dysregulated quality control to lung disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria dynamics and mitophagy are essential for removing damaged mitochondria.
  • Impaired quality control results in accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria.
  • Evidence links mitochondrial dysfunction to the development of COPD and IPF.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondria quality control is critical for preventing cellular damage.
  • Dysregulation of these systems is implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related lung diseases.
  • Targeting mitochondria quality control may offer therapeutic strategies for COPD and IPF.