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Does idiopathic hypercalciuria affect bone metabolism during childhood? A prospective case-control study
Maria Pavlou1, Vasileios Giapros2, Anna Challa1
1Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Avenue, 45500, Ioannina, Greece.
Idiopathic hypercalciuria in children shows normal bone formation but increased bone resorption. Dietary changes may help reduce bone resorption markers.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Bone Metabolism
Background:
- Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) in children lacks extensive research on bone metabolism markers.
- Adult IH is associated with osteopenia, suggesting potential bone health implications in children.
- The osteoprotegerin (OPG) and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kB ligand (sRANKL) system's role in pediatric IH is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption in children with IH.
- To evaluate the OPG/sRANKL system in children with IH.
- To assess the impact of a 3-month dietary intervention on these markers.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 50 children with IH and 50 healthy controls.
- Measurement of bone formation markers (total ALP, osteocalcin), bone resorption markers (β-Crosslaps), and OPG/sRANKL levels.
- Dietary recommendations for IH followed for 3 months, with pre- and post-intervention measurements.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in bone formation markers or OPG/sRANKL between groups.
- Children with IH exhibited higher β-Crosslaps and β-Crosslaps/osteocalcin ratio at diagnosis.
- A trend towards decreased β-Crosslaps and reduced 24-h urinary calcium was observed after dietary intervention.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric IH is associated with normal bone formation but elevated bone resorption.
- Dietary intervention shows a potential beneficial effect on reducing bone resorption markers.
- Further research is warranted to understand long-term bone health in children with IH.
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