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T-Bet+ IgM Memory Cells Generate Multi-lineage Effector B Cells.

Kevin J Kenderes1, Russell C Levack1, Amber M Papillion1

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|July 26, 2018
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Immunoglobulin M (IgM) memory cells can transform into all types of antibody-producing B cells and renew themselves, similar to stem cells. These cells ensure lasting immunity by maintaining protective antibody production.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Immunoglobulin M (IgM) memory cells are crucial for adaptive immunity.
  • The full differentiation potential of IgM memory cells remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differentiation capacity and self-renewal potential of IgM memory cells.
  • To determine if IgM memory cells can give rise to diverse effector B cell lineages.

Main Methods:

  • Transfer of enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eYFP)-labeled CD11c+ and CD11c- T-bet+ IgM memory cells into naive recipient mice.
  • Monitoring of donor cell differentiation following challenge infection.
  • Immune repertoire analyses to corroborate findings at the molecular level.

Main Results:

  • IgM memory cells differentiated into IgM-producing plasmablasts.
  • A subset entered germinal centers, downregulated CD11c, and became class-switched memory cells.
  • Some cells persisted as IgM memory cells with multi-lineage potential, exhibiting stem-cell-like self-renewal.

Conclusions:

  • IgM memory cells possess remarkable plasticity, differentiating into all effector B cell lineages.
  • These cells exhibit stem-cell-like properties, including self-renewal.
  • IgM memory cells are vital for long-term, multi-functional immunity and sustained protective antibody production.