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Critical care outcomes in resource-limited settings
Marija Vukoja1,2, Elisabeth D Riviello3, Marcus J Schultz4,5
1The Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica.
Current Opinion in Critical Care
|July 26, 2018
Summary
Critical illness outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) show higher mortality than in high-income countries (HICs). Research is crucial to improve care, despite challenges in data collection and resource limitations.
Area of Science:
- Critical care medicine
- Global health equity
- Health services research
Background:
- Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a significant burden of critical illness.
- Understanding critical care outcomes is vital for enhancing care delivery in resource-limited settings.
- Existing data from high-income countries (HICs) are not directly applicable to LMICs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on critical care outcomes in LMICs.
- To identify barriers and propose solutions for studying critical care outcomes in LMICs.
- To inform strategies for improving critical care delivery in resource-constrained environments.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent literature on critical care outcomes in LMICs.
- Analysis of epidemiological data comparing LMICs and HICs.
- Exploration of emerging methodologies for outcomes measurement in LMICs.
Main Results:
- In-hospital mortality rates for critically ill patients are higher in LMICs compared to HICs.
- Critical care interventions effective in HICs may be less effective or harmful in LMICs.
- Limited data exist on long-term and morbidity outcomes in LMICs.
- New approaches like decision support tools, mobile health, and context-specific scores are improving outcomes measurement.
Conclusions:
- Critical care outcomes in LMICs differ significantly from HICs, necessitating LMIC-specific research.
- Challenges in defining populations, resource-intensive follow-up, and lack of reliable severity scores hinder outcomes studies.
- Despite challenges, innovative studies are emerging to overcome these obstacles and improve understanding of critical care in LMICs.
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