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Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
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Early stage litter decomposition across biomes.

Ika Djukic1, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas2, Inger Kappel Schmidt2

  • 1Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape ResearchWSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Zürich, Switzerland.

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|July 27, 2018
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Litter quality, not climate, primarily controls early-stage decomposition globally. Standardized tea litter experiments reveal litter type explains most carbon release, with climate effects significant only in extreme conditions.

Keywords:
Carbon turnoverGreen teaRooibos teaTea bagTeaComposition initiative

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Litter decomposition is a major pathway for terrestrial carbon release to the atmosphere.
  • Previous decomposition studies lacked standardized methods, hindering global comparisons.
  • The TeaComposition initiative uses standardized litter to assess decomposition across diverse ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of climate, litter type, and land-use on early-stage litter decomposition.
  • To identify the dominant drivers of litter decomposition across nine global biomes.
  • To compare decomposition rates using standardized Rooibos and Green tea substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a large-scale experiment with standardized litter (Rooibos and Green tea) at 336 sites.
  • Monitored litter mass loss over 3 months across various climatic and environmental conditions.
  • Analyzed the influence of temperature, moisture, litter quality, and land-use on decomposition rates.

Main Results:

  • Litter quality was the dominant factor, explaining 65% of global decomposition variability.
  • Climate effects on decomposition were minimal and litter-specific, significant only in xeric conditions.
  • At the biome scale, climate significantly influenced decomposition (64-72% variation).
  • Land-use showed no significant effect on early decomposition in the temperate biome.

Conclusions:

  • Early-stage litter decomposition is primarily driven by litter quality.
  • Climate plays a secondary role, especially under unfavorable moisture conditions.
  • Long-term studies are essential to fully understand the temporal dynamics of decomposition drivers.