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Multilingualism was associated with lower cognitive outcomes in children who were born very and extremely preterm

S van Veen1,2, S Remmers1, C S H Aarnoudse-Moens1,2,3,4

  • 1Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|July 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Multilingualism was associated with lower cognitive and verbal outcomes in very preterm (VPT) and extremely preterm (EPT) children. These effects were observed at two and five years of corrected age in a Dutch cohort.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Preterm birth, including very preterm (VPT) and extremely preterm (EPT) birth, poses risks for cognitive development.
  • The impact of multilingualism on cognitive outcomes in preterm populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if cognitive outcomes differ between monolingual and multilingual very preterm (VPT) and extremely preterm (EPT) children.
  • To assess cognitive and verbal development at corrected ages of two and five years.

Main Methods:

  • Study cohort: 325 VPT/EPT children born between 2007-2012 in The Netherlands.
  • Cognitive assessment: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd Ed.) and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence.
  • Group comparison: Monolingual, multilingual (Dutch and foreign language at home), and multilingual (foreign language only at home).

Main Results:

  • Monolingual children demonstrated the best cognitive performance at two years and verbal performance at five years.
  • Children speaking Dutch and a foreign language at home performed better than those speaking only foreign languages at home.
  • Multilingualism was linked to lower cognitive and verbal outcomes in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • In this Dutch cohort, multilingualism was associated with reduced cognitive and verbal outcomes in very preterm (VPT) and extremely preterm (EPT) children.
  • Findings suggest a potential disadvantage for multilingual preterm children regarding cognitive and verbal development up to five years of age.
Abstract

Keywords:
CognitionImmigrationLanguageMultilingualPrematurity

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