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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology
  • Health Science

Background:

  • Previous research on sleep quality and physical activity shows mixed results.
  • Cross-sectional and experimental studies have limitations in determining the direction of the relationship.
  • Longitudinal studies are crucial for understanding the temporal order between sleep and physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal relationship between sleep quality and physical activity.
  • To determine the direction of effects between sleep and physical activity.
  • To examine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the sleep-physical activity relationship.

Main Methods:

  • A 3-year longitudinal survey of 827 university students.
  • Annual assessments of sleep quality, physical activity, and emotion regulation.
  • Cross-lagged autoregressive path analysis was used to analyze the data.

Main Results:

  • Sleep quality indirectly predicted increased physical activity over time via enhanced emotion regulation.
  • Moderate physical activity indirectly predicted improved sleep quality over time through emotion regulation.
  • A bidirectional relationship between sleep and physical activity was observed, mediated by emotion regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support a bidirectional relationship between sleep quality and physical activity.
  • Emotion regulation plays a key mediating role in the interplay between sleep and physical activity.
  • Interventions targeting emotion regulation may improve both sleep and physical activity levels.