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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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Mansonellosis: current perspectives.

Thuy-Huong Ta-Tang1, James L Crainey2, Rory J Post3,4

  • 1Malaria and Emerging Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain, jmrubio@isciii.es.

Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine
|July 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mansonellosis, a filarial disease, is transmitted by biting midges and blackflies. While often asymptomatic, it can cause symptoms and interfere with other filarial disease programs, with no current standard treatment.

Keywords:
M. ozzardiM. perstansM. streptocercafilariasismansonellosisneglected disease

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mansonellosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by three species of filarial nematodes: *Mansonella perstans*, *Mansonella streptocerca*, and *Mansonella ozzardi*.
  • These parasites are transmitted by biting midges (Ceratopogonidae) and blackflies (Simuliidae), with distinct geographical distributions in Africa and Latin America.
  • Infections are typically asymptomatic but can manifest with symptoms like itching, joint pain, and in Brazil, corneal lesions associated with *M. ozzardi*.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of mansonellosis, covering its causative agents, transmission, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight the challenges in managing mansonellosis, including the lack of standardized treatment and its potential interference with other filarial disease control programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mansonellosis, including parasitology, entomology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic strategies.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods, focusing on the detection of microfilariae in blood and skin.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment options, including combination therapies and antimicrobial approaches targeting endosymbionts.

Main Results:

  • *Mansonella* species are transmitted by Diptera, with *M. perstans* and *M. streptocerca* endemic in Africa, and *M. ozzardi* found in Latin America.
  • Diagnosis relies on detecting microfilariae, and while often asymptomatic, mansonellosis can cause various symptoms and corneal lesions.
  • Current treatments include diethylcarbamazine, mebendazole, and ivermectin, with doxycycline showing promise against *Wolbachia* endosymbionts.

Conclusions:

  • Mansonellosis remains a poorly understood disease with limited data on its global health burden.
  • Effective treatment strategies are still evolving, and the interference with other filarial disease programs necessitates further research.
  • Integrated approaches and further epidemiological studies are crucial for understanding and controlling mansonellosis.