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Safety and immunogenicity of a potential checkpoint blockade vaccine for canine melanoma

Raj K Kurupati1, Xiangyang Zhou1, Zhiquan Xiang1

  • 1The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII
|July 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This canine melanoma vaccine, using adenoviral vectors, showed safety and boosted T cell responses against melanoma antigens. Further testing is recommended for this promising cancer immunotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer Vaccines

Background:

  • Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has revolutionized human cancer treatment.
  • Canine melanoma represents a significant challenge in veterinary oncology.
  • Developing effective and safe cancer vaccines for dogs is a critical need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a novel checkpoint blockade vaccine for canine melanoma.
  • To assess the vaccine's ability to elicit T cell responses against melanoma-associated antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Five healthy adult dogs were vaccinated with a mixture of three replication-defective adenoviral vectors.
  • Vectors expressed mouse fibroblast-associated protein (mFAP) and canine melanoma antigens Trp-1 and Trp-2.
  • Immune responses were measured by analyzing activated CD8+ and CD4+ T cells secreting cytokines like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).

Main Results:

  • The vaccine was well-tolerated in all dogs.
  • Increased frequencies of canine Trp-1-specific activated T cells (CD8+ and CD4+) were observed in 4/5 dogs.
  • All dogs showed increased mFAP-specific activated T cells, indicating successful immune stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • The checkpoint blockade vaccine demonstrated a favorable safety profile and induced significant T cell immunogenicity in healthy dogs.
  • These findings support further investigation of this vaccine combination for treating canine melanoma.
  • This study paves the way for novel immunotherapeutic strategies in canine cancer treatment.
Keywords:
Active immunotherapyCancerCancer-associated fibroblastsCheckpoint blockadeDogT-cell responses

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