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Pharmacogenetics of Anticancer Drug Sensitivity and Toxicity in Colorectal Cancer

Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh1, Majid Khazaei2, Sima Seifi2,3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|July 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations called single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence how colorectal cancer patients respond to chemotherapy. Identifying these SNPs can help predict treatment outcomes and minimize adverse drug reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inter-individual variability in anticancer drug response contributes to treatment failure and adverse drug events.
  • Genetic biomarkers are sought to predict patient toxicity and response to chemotherapy.
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug-metabolizing, -transporting, and -activating genes are key areas of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on the association between SNPs in genes related to anticancer drug handling and treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
  • To highlight the potential of SNPs as predictive biomarkers for optimizing CRC therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating SNPs in genes involved in drug transport, activation, and metabolism.
  • Focus on studies related to colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment outcomes.
  • Synthesis of current evidence on the clinical utility of these genetic markers.

Main Results:

  • SNPs in genes responsible for drug metabolism, transport, and activation are linked to varying responses and toxicities in CRC patients.
  • Certain SNP profiles may predict efficacy and risk of adverse events, guiding personalized treatment strategies.
  • The review consolidates findings on specific SNPs and their impact on chemotherapy outcomes in CRC.

Conclusions:

  • Evaluating SNPs in drug-related genes offers a promising approach for personalized medicine in colorectal cancer.
  • Genetic profiling can aid in selecting optimal therapeutic regimens with reduced adverse reactions.
  • Further research into SNP-drug interactions is crucial for advancing precision oncology in CRC treatment.
Keywords:
Colorectal canceranticancer drugsgene polymorphismspharmacogeneticspolymorphismssingle nucleotide polymorphisms.

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