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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
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Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

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Using biochar capping to reduce nitrogen release from sediments in eutrophic lakes.

Yaoyao Zhu1, Wenzhong Tang1, Xin Jin1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

The Science of the Total Environment
|July 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biochar (BC) capping significantly reduced nitrogen release from polluted sediments in simulated systems. This method effectively blocks nitrogen diffusion, improving water quality by decreasing ammonia and total nitrogen levels.

Keywords:
AmmoniumBiocharNitrogenPhyllostachys pubescensRemediation

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Water Quality Management
  • Sediment Remediation

Background:

  • Sediments are significant sources of nitrogen release into overlying water bodies, contributing to eutrophication.
  • Polluted sediments release ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), and total nitrogen (TN), impacting aquatic ecosystems.
  • Effective methods are needed to mitigate nitrogen release from sediment-water interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of biochar (BC) capping in reducing nitrogen release from simulated polluted sediments.
  • To quantify the impact of BC capping on ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen concentrations and fluxes.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which BC capping affects nitrogen release at the sediment-water interface.

Main Methods:

  • Biochar (BC) was produced from dried Phyllostachys pubescens waste pyrolyzed at 500°C.
  • Sediment cores from Baiyangdian Lake were capped with soil, BC, or a BC/soil mixture and incubated for 30 days.
  • Nitrogen concentrations (NH4+-N, NO3--N, TN) and sediment-water fluxes were measured in simulated water-sediment systems.

Main Results:

  • BC capping significantly decreased NH4+-N, NO3--N, and TN concentrations in both batches of sediment cores.
  • Sediment-to-water fluxes of NH4+-N, NO3--N, and TN were substantially reduced or reversed by BC capping.
  • BC capping enhanced redox potential and dissolved oxygen levels in the overlying water, while absorbing NH4+-N from pore water.

Conclusions:

  • Biochar capping is an effective strategy for reducing endogenous nitrogen release from polluted sediments.
  • The BC layer acts as a barrier, chemically blocking nitrogen diffusion and improving water quality.
  • BC capping offers a promising approach for the remediation of nitrogen-polluted aquatic environments.