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Micro-patterned molecularly imprinted polymer structures on functionalized diamond-coated substrates for testosterone

Evelien Kellens1, Hannelore Bové2, Thijs Vandenryt1

  • 1Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|July 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel, cost-effective method for creating molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) on diamond substrates using microfluidics and photopolymerization. These MIP sensors demonstrate selective detection of testosterone in various samples with high sensitivity and reusability.

Keywords:
Biosensors and Body fluidsMicrofluidicsMolecularly imprinted polymers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer a robust, low-cost alternative to natural receptors for molecular recognition.
  • A key challenge in MIP sensor development is achieving consistent material distribution and firm substrate fixation.
  • Existing methods for MIP integration into sensors are often complex, expensive, or time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, efficient, and cost-effective method for fabricating MIP-based sensors.
  • To enable tunable and consistent MIP material distribution for controlled active sensing surfaces.
  • To demonstrate the application of these MIP sensors for detecting physiological concentrations of testosterone.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidic systems for precise material delivery.
  • Employed in situ photopolymerization directly onto functionalized diamond substrates.
  • Integrated electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for sensor signal transduction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved tunable and consistent MIP material amount and distribution.
  • Demonstrated selective detection of testosterone in buffer, urine, and saliva.
  • Established a detection limit of 0.5 nM for testosterone with good linearity between 0.5 nM and 20 nM.
  • Confirmed sensor stability, reusability, and ease of regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • The presented microfluidic-assisted in situ photopolymerization is a highly efficient and cost-effective strategy for MIP sensor fabrication.
  • The developed MIP sensors provide a sensitive, selective, and robust platform for detecting testosterone at physiological concentrations.
  • This approach offers a controllable and reproducible method for creating patterned MIP structures for various sensing applications.