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P300 and Heart Rate Variability Recorded Simultaneously in Meditation.

Shirley Telles1,2, Deepeshwar Singh2, K V Naveen2

  • 11 Patanjali Research Foundation, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Meditation impacts attention and sympathetic activity. Focused meditation increased sympathetic arousal, while defocused meditation improved attention task performance and decreased heart rate.

Keywords:
P300 event-related potentialsattentionautonomic balancedefocusingheart rate variabilitymeditation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Sympathetic nervous system activation is crucial for attention.
  • Meditation practices have been shown to enhance attention and modulate sympathetic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of different meditation states on attention and sympathetic activity.
  • To assess attention using P300 event-related potentials and sympathetic activity via heart rate variability.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-seven male participants underwent four mental states: random thinking, nonmeditative focusing, meditative focusing, and defocused meditation over four days.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV), respiration, and P300 event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded before and after each session.
  • Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc analysis.

Main Results:

  • Meditative focusing led to increased low-frequency (LF) HRV power, decreased high-frequency (HF) HRV power, and elevated average heart rate.
  • Defocused meditation resulted in decreased average heart rate.
  • Both meditative focusing and defocused meditation significantly increased P300 peak amplitude, with defocused meditation also reducing peak latency.

Conclusions:

  • Focused meditation appears to induce sympathetic arousal.
  • Defocused meditation may enhance cognitive processing speed for attention tasks and promote parasympathetic activity.
  • Different meditation techniques elicit distinct psychophysiological responses affecting attention and autonomic balance.