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Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management01:29

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management

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Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

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Chronic pulmonary embolism: diagnosis.

Katia Hidemi Nishiyama1, Sachin S Saboo2, Yuki Tanabe2

  • 1Department of Thoracic Imaging, Hospital do Coração and DASA (Diagnósticos da América), São Paulo, Brazil.

Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a potentially curable condition. This review explores how various imaging techniques aid in diagnosing CTEPH, a complication of venous thromboembolic disease.

Keywords:
Pulmonary embolismV/Qchroniccomputed tomographypulmonary hypertension

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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) arises from unresolved pulmonary emboli.
  • Unlike other pulmonary hypertension forms, CTEPH is potentially curable via surgery or angioplasty.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for timely intervention in CTEPH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic utility of various imaging modalities for CTEPH.
  • To highlight the role of non-invasive imaging in conjunction with gold-standard methods.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of lung scintigraphy, CT, and MR angiography for non-invasive assessment.
  • Emphasis on conventional pulmonary angiography (CPA) with right heart catheterization (RHC) as the gold standard.
  • Integration of imaging findings for comprehensive CTEPH diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Non-invasive imaging (lung scintigraphy, CT, MR angiography) provides essential anatomic and functional data.
  • These techniques complement CPA and RHC in characterizing CTEPH.
  • Imaging facilitates surgical or interventional planning.

Conclusions:

  • A combination of advanced imaging techniques is vital for accurate CTEPH diagnosis.
  • Imaging supports the identification of surgically accessible disease.
  • Multimodality imaging improves patient selection for curative treatments.