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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.1K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.1K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.4K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.4K
Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

8.9K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
8.9K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.2K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.2K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

6.0K

Renormalization of Ionic Solvation Shells in Nanochannels.

Ke Zhou1, Zhiping Xu1

  • 1Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Atomistic simulations reveal how nanochannel confinement and surface chemistry alter ion solvation. Graphene oxide nanochannels show selective ion transport, crucial for designing advanced membranes.

Keywords:
ion transportnanochannelsnanoconfinementsolvation shellssurface functionalization

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Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface
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Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface

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Material Formation of Recombinant Spider Silks through Aqueous Solvation using Heat and Pressure
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Material Formation of Recombinant Spider Silks through Aqueous Solvation using Heat and Pressure

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Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

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Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface
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Total Internal Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy TIRAS for the Detection of Solvated Electrons at a Plasma-liquid Interface

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Material Formation of Recombinant Spider Silks through Aqueous Solvation using Heat and Pressure
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Material Formation of Recombinant Spider Silks through Aqueous Solvation using Heat and Pressure

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Experimental studies show unique ion behavior in nanoporous membranes under nanoconfinement.
  • Limitations in experimental resolution hinder a deep understanding of these phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of nanoconfinement and surface functionalization on ion solvation in graphene and graphene oxide nanochannels using atomistic simulations.
  • To elucidate the ion transport mechanisms and selectivity in these nanochannels.

Main Methods:

  • Atomistic simulations were employed to model ion behavior within graphene and graphene oxide nanochannels.
  • Analysis focused on ion spatial distribution, hydration shell structure, and diffusivity.

Main Results:

  • Ion distribution exhibits a layered order within nanochannels.
  • Cation hydration shells are well-defined beyond ~1.0 nm width, with constrained rotation, while second shells can be disrupted.
  • Graphene oxide nanochannels demonstrate valence-dependent ion selectivity due to functional groups influencing hydration and diffusivity.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoconfinement and surface functionalization significantly renormalize ionic solvation shells.
  • Accurate design of nanoporous membranes for energy and environmental applications requires considering these renormalized solvation effects for ion permeability and selectivity.