Scar Endometriosis: Cytological Diagnosis

Endometriosis occurring in a surgical scar is called incisional endometriosis. An interesting case with immunocytological confirmation is being reported. A 28-year-old female presented with a mass over anterior abdominal wall. Fine needle aspiration revealed monolayered sheets of epithelial cells and stromal fragments. A cell block was also prepared. Immunohistochemistry panel comprising of CK 7 and CD 10 was performed, which were positive in glandular and stromal component respectively. Cytodiagnosis of scar endometriosis was rendered. Scar site endometriosis is rare, occurs in 0.03-1.08% of women following obstetric or gynaecologic surgeries. It is important to include endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of anterior abdominal wall masses, if there is history of previous gynaecological surgery. This will aid in accurate diagnosis and avoid unnecessary surgery.