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Maize Lethal Necrosis: An Emerging, Synergistic Viral Disease
Margaret G Redinbaugh1,2, Lucy R Stewart1,2
1Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA;
Annual Review of Virology
|July 31, 2018
Summary
Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a devastating maize disease caused by virus coinfections. Emerging globally, MLN severely impacts crop yields and smallholder farmers, necessitating urgent research for control.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Virology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a destructive disease affecting maize crops worldwide.
- It results from the synergistic coinfection of maize with maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and a Potyviridae virus.
- MLN has recently emerged in East Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America, causing significant economic losses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the current understanding of Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) disease.
- To highlight the factors contributing to MLN emergence and spread.
- To emphasize the need for research into MLN containment and control strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on MLN etiology, epidemiology, and contributing factors.
- Analysis of factors associated with MLN emergence, including agricultural practices and environmental conditions.
- Identification of knowledge gaps regarding MLN transmission and control.
Main Results:
- MLN is caused by the synergistic interaction between MCMV and Potyviridae viruses.
- Emergence is linked to intensive maize cultivation, maize thrips (Frankliniella williamsi), and susceptible varieties.
- Soil and seed transmission of MCMV are potential factors in epidemic perpetuation.
Conclusions:
- MLN poses a significant threat to global maize production, particularly for smallholder farmers.
- Effective containment and control require a multifaceted approach.
- Further research is crucial to develop robust strategies for managing MLN epidemics.
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