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Energy Harvesting Sources, Storage Devices and System Topologies for Environmental Wireless Sensor Networks: A

Michal Prauzek1, Jaromir Konecny2, Monika Borova3

  • 1Faculty of Computer Science, VSB Technical University of Ostrava, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic. michal.prauzek@vsb.cz.

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Summary

This review explores energy harvesting for remote environmental wireless sensor networks (EWSNs). It covers power sources, storage, and system designs for sustainable, long-term operation.

Keywords:
IoTbatteriesenergy harvestingenergy storageenvironmental monitoringmaintenance-free nodesnetwork topologysensor networksolar powersupercapacitorthermal powerwind power

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Remote environmental wireless sensor networks (EWSNs) are crucial for monitoring but face power challenges.
  • Internet of Things (IoT) advancements have improved EWSN efficiency, yet long-term power remains a hurdle.
  • Remote deployment and lack of mains power necessitate alternative energy solutions for EWSNs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of energy harvesting for EWSNs.
  • To analyze energy harvesting sources, storage devices, and system topologies.
  • To cover current trends and future directions in EWSN power systems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies published within the last 10 years.
  • Analysis of energy harvesting sources suitable for remote environmental applications.
  • Examination of energy storage devices and power management topologies for wireless sensor nodes.

Main Results:

  • Ambient energy harvesting offers a viable solution for powering remote EWSNs.
  • Various energy harvesting sources (solar, thermal, etc.) and storage technologies are available.
  • Optimized system designs are critical for efficient energy utilization and long-term operation.

Conclusions:

  • Energy harvesting is essential for the sustainable operation of remote EWSNs.
  • Further research into efficient energy management and novel harvesting techniques is needed.
  • The integration of IoT with energy harvesting will drive future advancements in environmental monitoring.