Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

3.5K
The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
3.5K
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

370
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
370
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

1.7K
The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
1.7K
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

8.1K
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
8.1K
Partial Fractions01:28

Partial Fractions

225
A partial fraction is a component of a rational expression represented as the sum of simpler fractions. When a rational function is expressed as a ratio of two polynomials, it can often be decomposed into a sum of fractions whose denominators are simpler polynomials, typically linear or irreducible quadratic factors. This process is called partial fraction decomposition, and it is used to simplify complex expressions for integration, solving equations, or analysis.Partial fraction decomposition...
225
Design Example: Marking Boundaries of a Site Using a Compass01:12

Design Example: Marking Boundaries of a Site Using a Compass

292
Marking site boundaries using a compass is a precise surveying technique that ensures the accuracy of boundary delineation. The process begins by using provided site details, including the bearings and lengths of each boundary line. The initial step involves calculating latitudes and departures for all sides of the site. This computation verifies that the traverse is free of errors, ensuring a closed and accurate boundary.The process starts at a known point, such as Point A, which is often...
292

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ASO Visual Abstract: Preoperative Predictors of Surgical Complexity After Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Preoperative Predictors of Surgical Complexity After Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Real-world outcomes of definitive chemoradiotherapy for bladder cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective study in Japan.

Japanese journal of clinical oncology·2026
Same author

Impact of Early Relative Dose Intensity on Survival in Patients Receiving Enfortumab Vedotin for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Japanese Real-World Multicenter Study.

International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association·2026
Same author

Microbubble fibrin sealant application technique for prolonged air leak after anatomical lung resection: a retrospective comparative study.

Journal of thoracic disease·2026
Same author

Essential Renal Bleeding Presenting as Persistent Unilateral Hematuria Successfully Treated With Factor XIII Replacement Therapy: A Case Report.

IJU case reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
08:39

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools

Published on: December 28, 2021

5.5K

Partial Bladder Boost Using Lipiodol Marking During Image-guided Radiotherapy for Bladder Cancer.

Ryuji Nakamura1, Hisao Kakuhara2, Koyo Kikuchi2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan rnakamur@iwate-med.ac.jp.

Anticancer Research
|August 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Lipiodol submucosal injection effectively marked tumors for image-guided radiotherapy in muscle invasive bladder cancer (BC) patients. Careful consideration of elderly patient comorbidities is essential for managing potential side effects like hematuria.

Keywords:
Radiotherapylipiodol markingurinary bladder

More Related Videos

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer
09:07

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer

Published on: February 6, 2011

16.5K
Mouse Bladder Wall Injection
03:48

Mouse Bladder Wall Injection

Published on: July 12, 2011

24.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
08:39

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools

Published on: December 28, 2021

5.5K
An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer
09:07

An Orthotopic Model of Murine Bladder Cancer

Published on: February 6, 2011

16.5K
Mouse Bladder Wall Injection
03:48

Mouse Bladder Wall Injection

Published on: July 12, 2011

24.8K

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Oncologic Imaging
  • Uro-oncology

Background:

  • Elderly bladder cancer (BC) patients require dose escalation in radiotherapy due to avoidance of concurrent chemotherapy.
  • Accurate tumor delineation is crucial for effective image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of lipiodol submucosal injection as a fiducial marker during IGRT for muscle invasive bladder cancer (BC).
  • To assess lipiodol's role in improving tumor targeting and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-three patients with muscle invasive BC received whole-bladder irradiation (46 Gy) and lipiodol-IGRT (20 Gy).
  • Lipiodol was submucously injected as a fiducial marker.
  • Bladder volume exposed to 19 Gy (V19) was used to predict radiation-induced cystitis.

Main Results:

  • Lipiodol consistently highlighted tumor boundaries in 88% of patients on planning and verification images.
  • Three of four patients on oral anticoagulants experienced grade ≥2 hematuria post-injection.
  • Three-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 70.4% and 71.1%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Lipiodol submucosal injection is an effective method for demarcating bladder tumors in IGRT.
  • Comorbidities, particularly anticoagulant use in elderly patients, require careful management to mitigate risks like hematuria.