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Area of Science:

  • Tribology
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Structural superlubricity, characterized by cancelled lateral interactions between incommensurate surfaces, leads to ultralow sliding friction.
  • Previous research has focused on achieving superlubricity, but scaling it to macroscopic applications under ambient conditions remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate robust superlubricity in microscale monocrystalline heterojunctions.
  • To investigate the persistence of superlubricity under external loads and ambient conditions.
  • To compare frictional properties and underlying mechanisms with homogeneous counterparts.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of microscale monocrystalline heterojunctions, specifically interfaces between graphite and hexagonal boron nitride.
  • Experimental measurement of friction under external loads and ambient conditions.
  • Atomistic simulations to elucidate the frictional mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Robust structural superlubricity was experimentally realized in graphite/hexagonal boron nitride heterojunctions.
  • Superlubricity was maintained even under external loads and ambient conditions.
  • Frictional anisotropy in heterojunctions was significantly reduced (orders of magnitude smaller) compared to homogeneous interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a significant step towards the macroscopic scale-up of superlubricity.
  • The findings highlight the potential of van der Waals heterostructures for achieving ultralow friction applications.
  • The observed phenomena are expected to be generalizable to other van der Waals heterostructures.